15
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow :
Indian scientists helped crack the DNA code of ‘bread-wheat' genome, which would help improve global food security. It will allow faster breeding for climate-resilient varieties with drought, heat and frost tolerance, disease-resistant and superior quality grain. It may also help people suffering from allergy to wheat gluten. The information generated will help identify genes controlling yield, grain quality, resistance to diseases, etc. A variety of grains can thus be produced.
(a) Write the full form of DNA.
(b) What type of cell division is involved in the formation of gametes ?
(c) (i) Variations confer an advantage to an individual to survive. Justify.
OR
(c) (ii) How do genes control characteristics or traits ?
Indian scientists helped crack the DNA code of ‘bread-wheat' genome, which would help improve global food security. It will allow faster breeding for climate-resilient varieties with drought, heat and frost tolerance, disease-resistant and superior quality grain. It may also help people suffering from allergy to wheat gluten. The information generated will help identify genes controlling yield, grain quality, resistance to diseases, etc. A variety of grains can thus be produced.
(a) Write the full form of DNA.
(b) What type of cell division is involved in the formation of gametes ?
(c) (i) Variations confer an advantage to an individual to survive. Justify.
OR
(c) (ii) How do genes control characteristics or traits ?
Show SolutionHide Solution↓
(a) Deoxyribo nucleic acid (1)
(b) Meiosis / Reductional division where chromosome number becomes half. (1)
c) India has variety of climatic conditions variations in wheat varieties will enable farmers to grow crop according to best suited variety in a particular climate. It will give benefit of survival and better grain quality. (2)
(d) A section of DNA provides information for one protein, is called gene for that protein. For example, plant height depends on hormones that trigger growth. Its quantity will be determined by efficiency of enzyme that is needed for the synthesis of this hormone. If the gene has any variation, making it less efficient, it will make enzyme less efficient less hormone and hence short plant. (2)
(b) Meiosis / Reductional division where chromosome number becomes half. (1)
c) India has variety of climatic conditions variations in wheat varieties will enable farmers to grow crop according to best suited variety in a particular climate. It will give benefit of survival and better grain quality. (2)
(d) A section of DNA provides information for one protein, is called gene for that protein. For example, plant height depends on hormones that trigger growth. Its quantity will be determined by efficiency of enzyme that is needed for the synthesis of this hormone. If the gene has any variation, making it less efficient, it will make enzyme less efficient less hormone and hence short plant. (2)